1. Introduction

A database is a collection of data or information which is held together in an organised or logical way.

Databases can either be paper based or computerised, although hardly anyone these days uses a paper-based database.

Computerised databases

You will come across computerised databases in every aspect of your life. Here are some examples with which you will be familiar:

• Search engines e.g. Google, Bing
• School electronic registers
• Library database
• Shop stock control system
• DVLA - stores details of all driver licences and car registrations
• Social media platforms: they all use a database in the background

Paper based databases

(it is unlikely that you will be asked about these in the exam) The point we are trying to make that a 'database' does not always involve a computer.

Paper based databases can be as simple as a notebook which contains addresses sorted by surname.

Other paper based databases can be much larger, for example, the Yellow Pages directory. The directory is organised by business type e.g.

• architects
• builders
• florists
• plumbers

Under each category are listed all of the local builders, sorted again alphabetically e.g.

• Bob the Builder
• Daffy Duck's driveways
• Mickey Mouse extensions
• Road Runner and son.