1. What is logic?

In general, you use 'logic' to work out whether doing something will give you a 'True' or 'False' result.

The outcome of applying logic is always either true or false

Consider the painful experiment below (don't try this at home!):

'If I stick my finger in boiling water then I will burn my finger'.

Is this a True statement?

You work out the truth of this statement by applying some known rules such as:

Rule 1: I am human
Rule 2: Human fingers are harmed by contact with boiling water

The logic of the statement is checked by applying both rules one after another. 'I am human' (True), 'I've stuck my finger in boiling water (True) therefore (logically) my finger will be burnt

It is very important to note that logic does not have any "in-between" states, there is no 'slightly true' or 'slighty false' result.

Everything is either True, or it is False.

The early designers of computers quickly realised that logic can be used within a computer to work out problems. After all, computer data is either 1 (Logic True) or 0 (Logic False).